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The term "endodontics" specifically refers to the branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the dental pulp and the tissues surrounding the roots of a tooth. This area of practice typically includes procedures such as root canal therapy, where infected or damaged pulp tissue is removed to save the tooth and relieve pain. By emphasizing the health of the dental pulp and periapical tissues, endodontics plays a crucial role in preserving natural teeth and preventing the need for extraction.

In contrast, preventive care for dental caries is more about maintaining oral health and preventing tooth decay, while orthodontic treatments specifically address misalignments of teeth and jaws. Cosmetic procedures, such as teeth whitening, focus primarily on improving the aesthetic appearance of teeth rather than their structural or health-related aspects. Therefore, the correct answer firmly aligns with the specialized nature of endodontics within the dental field.